Category 1

Stem-Cell Fundamentals

8 topics planned. Each topic is published as a Professional and Patient edition only after explicit author approval.

1.1Defining a stem cell
In review
1. · Self-renewal
2. · Differentiation
3. · Clonogenicity
4. · Potency
5. · Asymmetric and symmetric division
6. · Stem cells versus progenitor cells
7. · Stem cells versus mature cells
1.2Levels of developmental potential
In review
1. · Totipotency
2. · Pluripotency
3. · Multipotency
4. · Oligopotency
5. · Unipotency
6. · Functional tests of potency
1.3Major stem-cell categories
In review
1. · Embryonic stem cells
2. · Induced pluripotent stem cells
3. · Adult or tissue-specific stem cells
4. · Hematopoietic stem cells
5. · Neural stem and progenitor cells
6. · Epithelial stem cells
7. · Muscle satellite cells
8. · Mesenchymal stromal cells
1.4Stem-cell niches
In review
1. · Extracellular matrix
2. · Supporting stromal cells
3. · Vascular signaling
4. · Oxygen tension
5. · Mechanical forces
6. · Inflammatory signaling
7. · Aging of the niche
1.5Cellular differentiation
In review
1. · Lineage commitment
2. · Transcription factors
3. · Epigenetic regulation
4. · Cell signaling pathways
5. · Direct differentiation
6. · Transdifferentiation
7. · Reprogramming
1.6Stem-cell aging
In review
1. · Replicative senescence
2. · Telomere biology
3. · DNA damage
4. · Mitochondrial dysfunction
5. · Epigenetic drift
6. · Donor-age effects
7. · Culture-related aging
1.7Sources of human cells
In review
1. · Bone marrow
2. · Peripheral blood
3. · Adipose tissue
4. · Dental tissues
5. · Placenta
6. · Umbilical-cord blood
7. · Umbilical-cord tissue
8. · Amniotic tissues
9. · Induced pluripotent cells
1.8Essential terminology
In review
1. · Autologous
2. · Allogeneic
3. · Syngeneic
4. · Xenogeneic
5. · Homologous use
6. · Minimal manipulation
7. · Cell therapy
8. · Gene-modified cell therapy
9. · Regenerative medicine